Batteries in my electric scooter.

The first paragraph of the link I posted...

"The 18650 battery is a lithium-ion cell classified by its 18mm x 65mm size, which is slightly larger than a AA battery. They’re often used in flashlights, laptops, and high-drain devices due to their superior capacity and discharge rates. 18650s come in both flat and button top styles, and usually boast 300-500 charge cycles"

EDIT: damn you're quick.

The Tesla Model S and X used 18650 cells. The other cars used different cells so maybe they all change?

All 14 of these cells will be in series to make up the 52v battery - which is what you say. Like you I'm thinking a cell is not fully charging or discharging properly and therefore impacting the battery overall.

I wonder if someone techie on here can avoid the need for that Google. Imagine how complex the battery management of the Tesla Model S/X is with these sort of cells. And with cars like the Ioniq 5 having 800 volt batteries that's a lot of cells in series and then for capacity a lot of battery packs.

I assume a BEV has electronics to manage redundant cells in each battery pack.

Yes, a BEV has a battery management system.
EspIII 73kWh battery is the usable capacity, the actual battery capacity will be around 78kWh. The BMS will shift which cells are used and by only charging to 80% allows more headroom for distribution and life cycles.

I doubt you need to. That was only advised with the original 24kwh Leaf IIRC. Even my 30kwh doesn't need to be treated that way, to the extent that they removed the ability to restrict it to 80% as an option from the charging menu. Yours being latest battery tech I expect it's an utterly redundant measure now.

I expect the advice to go to 80% on a fast charger is just to gain maximum range in minimum possible time, as the last 10 percents always take much longer then the first 80-90 percents.  So it's not always worth waiting for them to be obtained.

I've done 80-85% with my five year old mobile phone, still works as well today as it did when new.

I also did some reading, here is one of the sites I referenced for charge limits:
electrek.co/2017/09/01/tesla-battery-expert-recommends-daily-battery-pack-charging/

We do 100% charge if we are going on a long run like last autumn otherwise limit to 80 or 90%. Charging of our car slows down after 85% which I see as the start of protection for the battery or the start of battery stress. Unfortunately, with KIA, I can only set the limit as 80 or 90%. I set it to 80% to avoid the slowing down process.

Edit: this suggests the Ioniq 5 batteries are Li-ion.
www.google.com/amp/s/insideevs.com/news/543792/hyundai-ioniq5-battery-cells-exposed/amp/

>>I presume I am testing volts. What else could it be? But how will I know if it is not fully charged or it is duff?


Anybody?

>>48V 10 Ah.

Also how matched are the BMS and the battery? Will any 48V10Ah battery do? Does it have to be a certain [the same] configuration? What happens if it is 48V20Ah?